Our hair, as derived from the skin, has a fairly complex multilayer structure, each component of which is important to maintain the health, strength and appearance of all hair.And each component of the general structure can be damaged due to certain reasons, which leads to completely different violations.
Our hair, as derived from the skin, has a fairly complex multilayer structure, each component of which is important to maintain the health, strength and appearance of all hair.And each component of the general structure can be damaged by virtue of certain reasons, which leads to completely different violations.Therefore, fighting these disorders and restoring damaged hair structure must also be different.
What is hair made?
To begin with, I must say that all the hair can be divided into two parts: 1. exterior, long, that is in sight and is called a hair bar.2. The interior, very small, which is found in the dermal layer of the skin and is a hair root.
The most significant difference between these two parts of the hair is that their bar consists completely in keratinized cells (that is, keratinized).And living cells that can grow and multiply are found alone at the root, in a hair bulb.It is there where, sharing the activity phase, lengthen hair hair, as if "built" from below.
This fact follows a very important consequence: if the structure of the hair cane is damaged, any cosmetic with a nutrient effect will be useless.After all, there is nothing to nourish in the bar, since it consists of dead cells with which all these "miraculous restoration components" of shampoos, masks and other things simply cannot interact.Another thing is that such cosmetics will undoubtedly have a beneficial effect on hair roots, that additional nutrition will not interfere.
In this small example, it is obvious that to choose the correct one it means that restoring the structure of the hair, you must first find out what part of its component is damaged.
The outer hair cover
It is also called a cuticle.It consists of many small flattened cells, which normally overlap slightly with each other with an edge, which resembles a roof coating or a fish of scales.The main function of the cuticle is protective.His keratin scales, firmly adjusting to each other, avoid loss of humidity with the internal layers of the hair bar, allowing him to remain flexible and lasting along its entire length.
In addition, the cuticle cells are covered with fat fat, which falls on them from the sebaceous gland located next to the hair onion.This secret of the fat skin is needed so as not to give keratin scales to get away from each other, that is, in fact, it plays the role of glue.Its second function is the creation of a thin lipid layer on the surface of the hair bar.This layer provides hair for some protection against contamination, aggressive chemical impurities in the atmosphere, acute temperature changes and other adverse environmental factors.Finally, the fat lubricant includes a series of compounds with an antiseptic effect, which confronts hair damage to pathogenic microorganisms.
The damage to the cuticle is mainly manifested by the fact that these keratinized cells dissolve and reveal similar to how the protuberance of the matured pine is revealed.This immediately leads to a greater loss of moisture from the internal layers of the hair bar.In addition, they open to the negative effects of several chemical and physical agents.The first visible symptoms of such damage are:
- fragile hair increase;
- your study;
- an increase in sensitivity to static electricity;
The middle hair layer
Under the external hair coating there is a crust.This is the name of the keratinized tissue, which is constructed from dead cells in a oblong way.Its main function is the formation of the frame, which guarantees the strength and elasticity of the hair bar.In addition, it is in the cells of the cortex layer that is contained a melanin, a pigment that gives it the color of the hair.He also gets into the cortex in the hair follicle and the greater his concentration, the darker the tone of your hairstyle will be.
The damage to the average hair cover almost always occurs after its external protection is destroyed: the cuticle.First, the violations of the cortex structure will be associated with the loss of moisture: hair dries and loses its resistance abruptly.And the visible manifestation of this will be well known and quite hated by all :) Secondary Fins.What is customary to call this term is only a crust, which, having lost external protective housing, dried and grew in two or more parts in the longitudinal direction.
In addition, the particles of a dye that change the color of the hair during the paint are also integrated into this layer of the bar.To do this, by chemical interactions, they lift the cells of the cuticle protective layer.And here there is a stick on both tips:
- On the one hand, the artificial pigment is washed a lot from the damaged cortex much faster, which makes a woman more and more to the services of a hairdresser in the cabin;
- On the other hand, such cosmetic effects in the hairstyle itself do not pass without a trace and the question of how to restore the structure of the hair after dyeing, whitening, clarifying and chemistry in the home is dedicated to many investigations, as well as articles on our website.
The interior of the hair
The deepest central part of the structure of the hair bar is the brain substance called.It is built with dead keratin cells, but, unlike cortex and cuticle, these cells are quite soft and have an irregular polygonal shape.There are also a lot of aerial cavities in the brain substance.
The functional purpose of the central part of the bar still causes discussions in the scientific community.It is believed that the air in these pockets plays the role of the insulator, which helps maintain a constant temperature on the scalp.In addition, some trichologists suggest that several compounds can spread according to the brain substance from the skin to the ends of the rods.This explains the rapid deterioration of hair appearance, for example, with certain types of poisoning.
What to do if the cortex has already been damaged?
In the structure of the hair bar, this layer has a maximum thickness, you can even say that the hair consists mainly of the cortex.Therefore, if the damage has gone so far, it will not be possible to take especially effective measures.A temporary solution to restore hair structure: silicone -based products described above.Unfortunately, its effect will be even shorter than in the case of exfolished cuticle scales.Yes, they can paste open tips, but due to strength, elasticity and oblong shape of the cells that make up the bark, such "stuck" will not last long.
The best option would be a decisive change in the shortest hairstyle.Therefore, it has the guarantee of getting rid of divided hair endings and starting to grow calmly, healthier and more intact.In this case, special attention to high quality humidity and nutrition of hair roots will be needed.
What if the brain substance is damaged?
In this case, most likely, there is simply nothing to restore.If the damage to the hair cane reached the central brain channel, its nucleus, then the hair is almost guaranteed that it will break.Therefore, here, the most reasonable approach will be eliminated from it.
By the way, for the haircut, it will be more correct to contact the living room with the professional hairdresser.You can shorten your hairstyle with special scissors with blades that are heated and retreat stable temperatures during operation.Such technique allows you to maintain the structure, as well as the intact part, closer to the root, part of the hair bar as possible.The hot metal of the blades, so to speak, "seal" the cuticle in the cut, which significantly reduces the loss of moisture with the cortex and the probability of a greater detachment of external keratinized cells in the cutting area.
The interior of hair structure is hair root
The hair root is surrounded by a capsule, which includes a thin blood vessel, supplying oxygen and nutrients.All this education in the complex is called hair onion or a hair follicle.In addition, muscle fiber, as well as the Sebaceous gland, whose duct opens in the bulb in front of their mouth, layan.It should always be taken into account that the damage to the structure of the hair is rarely so selective that they affect only the bar, leaving the roots completely unchanged.Therefore, regeneration must be complex, only in this case the most positive results can be achieved.
In addition, cosmetologists argue that with such procedures are precisely the effects of hair follicles that should receive more attention.And choose, for example, how to restore the structure of dry hair, hydration and bulb nutrition should have more time attempts to restore liquid balance in the bars.The logic of this advice is simple: the outer part of the hair is dead cells and how not to supply them with moisture, with the outer layer damaged for a long time, they will not maintain it yet.But the roots are a living fabric responsible for the formation of a new and completely healthy cane, which drains it simultaneously with a sufficient amount of water.
What can damage the structure of the hair follicle?
- Vitamins and/or trace deficiency.First, these are vitamins such as, A (retinol), B1 (thiamine), B7 (biotin), C (ascorbic acid) and K (Phylkhinon).And from microelements, calcium, copper, zinc, selenium and silicon deficiency is especially dangerous.
- Moisture deficiency.Water falls into our skin later than all other organs.Consequently, if suddenly it is lacking, then, in the first place, only the skin and hair will suffer this, like its derivative.
- Diet disorders.This includes an excess of fried, fatty and spicy foods, sweet and flour.Saars of hair follicles, dairy products, nuts, legumes, vegetables, fruits, meat and dietary fish will help support the health of hair follicles.
- Bark errors.Here you can list many violations caused by an inappropriate coloration and the placement of heat of the hair that damages the hairstyle and a series of cosmetic procedures.
- Bad habits, psycho tensions -chronic emotional, sleeping rapes and vigil.
- Anemia, parasitic infections, digestive system diseases, internal secretion glands, reproductive organs and other chronic pathologies.
- Low temperatures in winter, aggressive ultraviolet radiation, heat and dry wind in the summer, chemicals in the atmosphere of industrial megacities and other negative environmental factors.
Professional cosmetics
This mainly includes shampoos, which must be selected according to their type of hair.They must include specialized care components such as aromatic oils, softening substances (lanolina, panthenol), etc. are required, etc.To use "professional moisturizers": aerosols, sera, liquids and other oils for nutrition and hydration will also be effective, but they are not recommended too often.Even less frequently (no more than 1 time per week), thick active masks should be applied to hair roots: its components have such an intense effect that with excessive use the condition of the hairstyle can worsen.
Start methods
Such cosmetics are generally not as effective as professionals, but it costs much less, and you can cook yourself at any time.These tools mainly include several home masks, as well as decoctions of medicinal plants.
Pharmacological drugs
When restoring the structure of hair roots, medications that improve blood circulation in the follicle will help:
- peripheral blood flow stimulants;
- antispasmodics (nitrites and nitrates, derivatives of isokhinoline, purine and gasimidazole, complex carbon acid esters, etc.);
- Vasodilators (first - Minoxidil, as the most proven medication in tricological practice).
Physiotherapeutic methods
Of these, the most effective are:
- acupuncture;
- ultraviolet irradiation;
- Electrodermatimulation;
- Scalp massage.
Hardware techniques
This is a fairly new direction in the science of beauty, which is actively used only in professional cosmetic salons and clinics, since it requires an expensive high -tech equipment.Such methods include:
- Laser influences where hair growth stimulates coherent light radiation;
- Plasmotherapy: Injections on the scalp of the blood of the same patient, enriched with platelets;
- Mesotherapy: subcutaneous administration of "cocktails" of biologically active substances;
- Ozone therapy: Local supply of oxygen in the form of injections;
- Crystage is a cold effect that causes reinforcement reflex of blood circulation in the skin.